Cyprus, a Mediterranean island rich in history, culture, and natural beauty, is a treasure trove of historical landmarks. From ancient ruins to Ottoman architecture, Northern Cyprus offers an incredible array of historical destinations that attract millions of tourists annually. Whether you’re interested in exploring castles, monasteries, or ancient cities, this guide will take you through the top historical sites you shouldn’t miss during your visit to Cyprus.
1. Kyrenia Castle (Girne Kalesi)
Located in the vibrant harbor town of Girne, Kyrenia Castle is one of Northern Cyprus’s most iconic landmarks. Built in the 7th century to protect the town from Arab raids, the castle showcases a blend of Byzantine, Venetian, and Ottoman architectural influences. Inside, you’ll find fascinating exhibits, including the Shipwreck Museum, housing a 2,000-year-old ancient ship. The castle also features Venetian and Luzinian towers, dungeons, and the stunning St. George Church.
Visiting Hours:
- Winter: 08:00 – 15:30
- Summer: 08:00 – 19:00
2. Ghost Town of Varosha (Maraş Mahallesi)
Known as the “Ghost Town”, Varosha in Gazimağusa was once a luxurious destination for Hollywood celebrities in the 1970s. After the events of 1974, it became an abandoned and hauntingly beautiful area. Visitors can observe the eerie yet fascinating sights of abandoned hotels, cars, and homes from designated viewing points near Palm Beach.
3. Salamis Ancient City
A short drive from Gazimağusa, the Salamis Ancient City is one of the oldest settlements in Cyprus, dating back over 2,000 years. Despite damage from natural disasters, it remains an impressive archaeological site. Notable attractions include the Salamis Theater, Roman Baths, and the Basilica of St. Epiphanius.
Visiting Hours:
- Winter: 08:00 – 15:30
- Summer: 08:00 – 19:00
4. Bellapais Monastery
Nestled in the serene village of Beylerbeyi near Girne, the Bellapais Monastery is a masterpiece of Gothic architecture from the 12th century. The monastery offers breathtaking views of the Mediterranean Sea and surrounding valleys. Within its grounds, you can explore ancient chapels, dining halls, and monastic quarters that reflect the tranquility of its past.
Visiting Hours:
- Winter: 08:00 – 15:00
- Summer: 08:00 – 18:00
5. Saint Hilarion Castle
Perched atop the Kyrenia Mountains, Saint Hilarion Castle is often called the inspiration behind Disney’s fairy-tale castles. Offering panoramic views of the island, the castle is divided into three levels, with highlights including the Prince John Tower and a chapel. This 10th-century castle once served as a defense point against invaders.
Visiting Hours:
- 09:00 – 16:00 (Daily)
6. Othello Castle
Located in Gazimağusa, Othello Castle is named after Shakespeare’s tragic hero. This 14th-century Venetian fortress was built to protect the city from naval attacks. Its iconic lion emblem symbolizes Venice’s dominance over the Mediterranean. Visitors can explore its ancient towers and imagine the battles fought within its walls.
7. Bedesten (St. Nicholas Church)
Situated in the heart of Lefkoşa, Bedesten is a Gothic-style building that has served multiple purposes throughout history, including as a church and marketplace. Built in the 14th century, it now hosts cultural events and exhibits. Its stunning architecture and rich history make it a must-see attraction in Northern Cyprus.
Visiting Hours:
- 08:00 – 22:00
8. Venetian Column
A symbol of Lefkoşa’s history, the Venetian Column is located in the heart of the old city at Atatürk Square. Built in 1550, it features six engraved emblems representing Venetian noble families. The column was moved to its current location by British authorities, making it an important landmark for history enthusiasts.
Visiting Hours:
- Accessible 24/7 (Free Entry)
9. Kantara Castle
Situated in the Karpaz Peninsula, Kantara Castle offers some of the most stunning views of the island, stretching all the way to the mountains of Lebanon on clear days. This Crusader-era fortress, built in the 10th century, provides a fascinating glimpse into medieval life.
Key Features:
- Elevated at 630 meters, offering panoramic views.
- Well-preserved Middle Ages architecture.
10. Blue Mansion (Mavi Köşk)
Located near Girne, the Blue Mansion is surrounded by mystery and intrigue. Built in the mid-20th century by a wealthy Italian lawyer, the mansion was designed with hidden passages and luxurious furnishings, reflecting its owner’s secretive lifestyle. Today, it serves as a tourist site with guided tours detailing its fascinating history.
Visiting Hours:
- 09:00 – 18:00 (Closed on Mondays)
Tips for Exploring Historical Sites in Cyprus
- Plan Ahead: Check the opening hours for each site, as they may vary by season.
- Dress Comfortably: Many sites, like Saint Hilarion Castle, require walking and climbing.
- Stay Hydrated: Cyprus’s warm climate means carrying water is essential.
- Respect Local Customs: Some religious sites may require modest attire.
Cyprus is a destination that seamlessly blends natural beauty with a rich tapestry of history. From ancient ruins to iconic castles, the island offers countless opportunities for exploration and discovery. Whether you’re a history buff, a photography enthusiast, or simply a curious traveler, Northern Cyprus’s historical landmarks are sure to leave you mesmerized. Plan your visit today and step back in time while enjoying the stunning Mediterranean scenery!
Resources
Government and Official Tourism Websites
1. Republic of Cyprus Tourism – Official tourism portal for Cyprus, covering cultural and historical attractions.
2. Northern Cyprus Tourism Board – Information on Northern Cyprus landmarks, activities, and travel tips.
3. Cyprus Embassy Information – Visa and consular details for travelers.
Cultural and Historical Resources
1. UNESCO World Heritage Sites – Cyprus – Information on Cyprus’s UNESCO-listed landmarks.
2. Cyprus History on Britannica – A detailed overview of Cyprus’s history and cultural significance.
3. Cyprus Museum – The official website of the Cyprus Museum, showcasing archaeological finds and ancient history.
Travel and Tourism Resources
1. Lonely Planet – Cyprus – Comprehensive travel guide for planning trips to Cyprus.
2. TripAdvisor – Things to Do in Cyprus – Popular tourist attractions, reviews, and traveler tips.
3. National Geographic – Mediterranean Islands – Insights on Mediterranean travel, including Cyprus.
Transportation and Entry Information
1. Ercan International Airport – Official website for Ercan Airport in Northern Cyprus.
2. Cyprus Ports Authority – Details about ferry services and port facilities in Cyprus.
3. IATA Travel Centre – Up-to-date entry and visa requirements for Cyprus.
Academic and Cultural Studies
1. The Cyprus Institute – Research on Cyprus’s archaeological and cultural heritage.
2. Cyprus Archeological Society – Updates on ongoing archaeological projects in Cyprus.
3. Smithsonian Magazine – Cyprus History – Articles exploring Cyprus’s cultural and historical context.
Travel Safety and Guidelines
1. Travel Advisories – Cyprus (U.S. Department of State) – Safety guidelines for travelers visiting Cyprus.
2. World Health Organization (WHO) – Cyprus – Health and safety recommendations for Cyprus.
3. Schengen Visa Info – Cyprus – Guidance for travelers requiring visas to visit Cyprus.
